Article Contents
Article Contents

# Second order averaging for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with strongly anisotropic potential

• We consider the three dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation\break (GPE) describing a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) which is highly confined in vertical $z$ direction. The confining potential induces high oscillations in time. If the confinement in the $z$ direction is a harmonic trap -- an approximation which is widely used in physical experiments -- the very special structure of the spectrum of the confinement operator implies that the oscillations are periodic in time. Based on this observation, it can be proved that the GPE can be averaged out with an error of order of $\epsilon$, which is the typical period of the oscillations. In this article, we construct a more accurate averaged model, which approximates the GPE up to errors of order $\mathcal{O}(\epsilon^2)$. Then, expansions of this model over the eigenfunctions (modes) of the confining operator $H_z$ in the $z$-direction are given in view of numerical applications. Efficient numerical methods are constructed to solve the GPE with cylindrical symmetry in 3D and the approximation model with radial symmetry in 2D, and numerical results are presented for various kinds of initial data.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 34C29, 35Q55, 46E35, 65M70.

 Citation:

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